Whereas many Master’s degree programs in the sciences are designed to prepare students for further academic work, PSM programs are designed to prepare graduates for entry-level professional positions in business, government, and non-profit sectors engaged in the application of science and technology. PSM programs are created in science, mathematics and interdisciplinary science/math-based areas. PSM specialties are tailored to employers’ needs and generally consist of a core of advanced work in one discipline or an interdisciplinary area, augmented by work in information technology and other areas. They also include short courses or modules that expose students to subjects such as business basics, intellectual property law, teamwork, communication/presentation skills, strategic planning, and project management. PSM programs are designed to produce well-rounded and highly employable graduates prepared for positions as analysts, project leaders and mid-level managers in financial, biological, pharmaceutical, and software industries; government agencies, and in the non-profit sector, among others.